Nickan Research Institute Journal of Renal Endocrinology 2423-6438 10 1 2024 01 01 Vitamin D and its role in health; A review of mechanisms, risk factors, sources, and health benefits e25133 e25133 10.34172/jre.2024.25133 EN Moloud Alsadat Mousavi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8534-3206 Mehdi Hosseinifard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-2498 Maryam Aligholizadeh https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7760-683X Siavash Sangi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7833-0021 Zahra Kordeyazdi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4137-5514 Faraz Zandiyeh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9790-525X Journal Article 10.34172/jre.2024.25133 2023 10 10 2023 12 23 Vitamin D is crucial for maintaining optimal health. This review study evaluates health problems related to deficiency and ways to maintain sufficient levels. We conducted a review of the association between vitamin D inadequacy and various diseases, explored the various sources of vitamin D and the risk factors associated with vitamin D insufficiency, examined the consequences of insufficient vitamin D levels, and assessed the potential benefits of taking vitamin D supplements for promoting good health. A literature review demonstrated that maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D is essential for improving health and preventing various diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is a common condition, and it can be addressed by consuming a balanced diet, getting regular exposure to sunlight, or taking supplements as necessary.